Category: Commercial Grow

Finally, the recover phase is characterized by regained functionality, for example by reducing the protect and response measures that limit system functionality, such as production lockdown. Ultimately, this can result in an increased overall system functionality at the end of a resilience cycle and before the start of the next “iteration” . For example, a system such as…

Deschenes and Kolstad also illustrate that farm profits may be more responsive to climate than annual fluctuations in temperature and precipitation. The overarching focus for many CALVIN-SWAP studies is to start with a worst-case scenario approach and see how well we fare even with some of the best-case farmer and institutional responses . Joyce et al. also illustrate…

It affords the targeted group another opportunity to circumvent the intentions of reformers. Groups can report that required changes are impossible to make, exaggerate detrimental consequences, or even directly ignore policy reforms, especially if such changes would not be easily visible to an outside observer. Doctors, for example, have obligations to both their patient and to…

The issue of limits on direct income payments was particularly contentious. This time, the new member states were involved, offering potential allies to both sides of the battle. The agricultural ministers of the Czech Republic, Romania, and Slovakia joined Germany, Italy, and the UK in signing a position paper that pledged to reject any agreement…

Decoupling was a good start because those types of subsidies [direct income support not linked to production] are already defined as in in the green box” . Fischler’s goal was to have the EU enter the round with its system of payments already in the “green box”. In order to do so, payments would have…

The MacSharry Reform marked the first time that Germany faced significant resistance to agricultural policy from industrial and economic circles, with the Federation of German Industry stating a preference for agricultural policy reform, albeit cautiously . This opposition from industry marked a major change, given that industrial and agricultural interests had been bonded in a…

Chapter Three focuses on the 1992 MacSharry Reform of the CAP. The MacSharry reforms marked the first major overhaul of the Common Agricultural Policy since its adoption in 1962. The MacSharry Reform took place under conditions of disruptive politics, as the negotiations overlapped with the GATT Uruguay Round. The landmark reform paired vice into virtue…

These fresh cherry exports to Korea reached about $30 million in 2007 and were supplied mostly by California. Korea produces almost no cherries and elimination of the 24% tariff is expected to expand the fresh cherry market even further. The immediate elimination of the 45% tariff on preserved cherries will also expand the market for canned…

When pest pressures are low, farmers may not be able to make up for the increased cost of the genetically engineered seed by increased yields. In Arizona, where an integrated pest management program for Bt cotton continues to be effective, growers reduced insecticide use by 70% and saved .$200 million from 1996 to 2008 .…

When he would accept a positive response from an opponent, it was typically as a set-up for then undermining some larger edifice with a well-timed “okay, but if X is Y, then what is Y?” Socrates in fact often directly ridiculed the notion that he could answer his own questions of this form, such as when…