Mindblown: a blog about philosophy.

In response to different secondary chemicals, ribosomal genes were also involved in host detoxification of different species of the R.pomonella complex. R. zephyria and R. pomonella are sister species in the R. pomonella complex that specialize in snowberry and domestic apple plants, respectively . In reciprocal transplant tests of these two Rhagoletis taxa, microarray data indicated significant enrichment of mitochondrial…

Organic foods generally command significant price premiums attributable in part to increasing demand, but also because organic food costs more to produce. In particular, organic strawberries are one of the hardest crops to grow organically and costs are higher with lower yields. Low adoption of organic practices by grain and hay producers restricts the expansion…

Food organizations such as City Slicker Farms see themselves as aligning with the forces fighting gentrification, a debatable principle. It’s their mission to bring food to people who can’t afford it and don’t have access to it. City Slickers sees themselves as wanting to include everyone who used the space before, and see themselves on…

Participants had higher ratings for exploiting and positive testing in Condition B than A , t=3.3, p=.001, and C , t=4.1, p<.001, and no difference between A and C, t<1. This difference could be interpreted two ways. First, it could be interpreted as a confound, that there was some inherent difference in Condition B that lead…

Methylation of urolithins by the mammalian enzymes may further improve their lipophilicity and facilitate the penetration of the blood-brain barrier.Corroborating with the computational predictions, urolithins reduced the production of the neurotoxic, fibrillogenic β-amyloid peptide in vitro. Significant improvement of the survival/mobility of Caenorhabditis elegans was also achieved by mUB treatment. However, empirical evidence is still needed to verify…

Participants chose and arranged support species for their services, including nutrient cycling, attracting beneficial animals and insects, mitigating erosion with their root structures, and providing wind breaks, privacy, and shade with thick foliage. For a review of the representation of product and service plant properties in community-authored and referenced artifacts, see the inclusion properties discussion…

Most of the small but growing number of leaders and full participants do have prior affiliations with the center, either as staff or students of that PDC. Very recently these new leaders hosted several PDCs and other community meet-ups at multiple institutions, thus building the potential to grow and reproduce the permaculture community of practice.During…

There are two main, nonexclusive hypotheses that might explain how these taxa have remained distinct: “opportunity” and “host selection.” The opportunity hypothesis is based on the distinct and almost completely nonoverlapping range of plant hosts of the subspecies , which could severely limit contact between them and hence limit opportunity for IHR. This hypothesis is…

For our diverse urban Native context, nestled in a beautiful urban forest, an ONB program can offer a way to restore early learning to knowledge systems that “Indigenous societies have long practiced in which land-based, play-based, inter generational, and applied learning strategies have helped the next generation learn what it means to live in ethical and…

Mixed mating populations have higher fitness than outcrossing populations for tens to hundreds of generations following colonization, suggesting a consistent early advantage to mixed mating populations in responding to selection . The magnitude of this fitness advantage each generation is slight, but it has biologically important consequences for colonization success by decreasing the time to…