Category: Commercial Grow

Statewide regulations mandating conserving practices have also been put in place, most notably were in 2004, a law requiring water suppliers to install water meters on all customer connections by 2025 ; the imposition of water budgets and water-efficient landscaping on most new large landscapes ; and the requirement that water suppliers and local governments…

Agriculture contributes to the trade imbalances not only through the current account but also through the taxpayer cost of farm programs. Since federal government deficits are partially responsible for current trade imbalancest the huge subsidization to the agricultural sector by the federal government has contributed to the U. S. trade deficit. This trade deficit has…

Harou et al. construct a synthetic drought in 2020 based on the paleo-record, rather than GCM projections. Their results regarding agricultural water scarcity and environmental flows are consistent with other CALVIN-SWAP studies. Environmental flows are also extremely restricted. Marginal opportunity costs of environmental flows rise by one or more orders of magnitude with extreme drought as compared…

Accuracy was also limited by the low amount of data N available relative to the large dimensionality p, which is inherently the case in complex biological experiments where each batch of q experiments takes > 1 week to evaluate. Finally, the hyperparameters θ ∗ used in the multi-IS squared exponential kernel were deliberately regularized with…

Finally, the recover phase is characterized by regained functionality, for example by reducing the protect and response measures that limit system functionality, such as production lockdown. Ultimately, this can result in an increased overall system functionality at the end of a resilience cycle and before the start of the next “iteration” . For example, a system such as…

Deschenes and Kolstad also illustrate that farm profits may be more responsive to climate than annual fluctuations in temperature and precipitation. The overarching focus for many CALVIN-SWAP studies is to start with a worst-case scenario approach and see how well we fare even with some of the best-case farmer and institutional responses . Joyce et al. also illustrate…

It affords the targeted group another opportunity to circumvent the intentions of reformers. Groups can report that required changes are impossible to make, exaggerate detrimental consequences, or even directly ignore policy reforms, especially if such changes would not be easily visible to an outside observer. Doctors, for example, have obligations to both their patient and to…

The issue of limits on direct income payments was particularly contentious. This time, the new member states were involved, offering potential allies to both sides of the battle. The agricultural ministers of the Czech Republic, Romania, and Slovakia joined Germany, Italy, and the UK in signing a position paper that pledged to reject any agreement…

Decoupling was a good start because those types of subsidies [direct income support not linked to production] are already defined as in in the green box” . Fischler’s goal was to have the EU enter the round with its system of payments already in the “green box”. In order to do so, payments would have…

The MacSharry Reform marked the first time that Germany faced significant resistance to agricultural policy from industrial and economic circles, with the Federation of German Industry stating a preference for agricultural policy reform, albeit cautiously . This opposition from industry marked a major change, given that industrial and agricultural interests had been bonded in a…