Category: Commercial Grow

Serial dilutions were performed for each product using either ddH2O or acetone to obtain a range of concentrations , malathion: 0–40 ppm, and zeta-cypermethrin: 0–25 ppm. In total, 5–8 concentrations were used per insecticide, and each concentration was replicated across 2–5 bottles.Approximately n = 250 D. suzukii were live-trapped from four commercial caneberry fields near Watsonville, CA…

Total RNA samples were extracted from one thousand 4-7 day-old Culex female antennae with TRIzol reagent . Antennal cDNA was synthesized from 1 μg of antennal total RNA from each species using iScript cDNA synthesis kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions . Total RNA was extracted from Aedes mosquitoes provided by Dr. Anthon J. Cornel. This colony was established…

A PCA model with oblique rotation was tested to examine the factor correlation matrix. Since none of the factor correlations were over ± 0.32, indicating factor correlations are not driven by the data, we estimated a model with orthogonal rotation to reveal a simplified structure with interpretable factor loadings. To identify metabolite patterns of interest,…

Twitching motility in XFM was lower than in either PD3 or PW as poor growth in XFM resulted in smaller colony sizes. Still the fringe widths of colonies in XFM without BSA were bigger than in XFM with BSA. Most of the colonies spotted in XFM and XFM-BSA showed very little or no visible growth.…

We see that parcels receiving water deliveries are much more likely to plant strawberries or nursery crops at all levels of salinity, and are slightly less likely to plant vegetables. Anecdotally, when talking with growers in the Pajaro Valley, they stated that the recycled water is allowing them to grow strawberries in locations where the…

Results carry lessons for other agricultural regions, both coastal and inland. Irrigation of arid and semi-arid lands leads to continuously increasing salt levels in the water and soil over time, even in the absence of seawater intrusion. In fact, 20% to 50% of irrigated agriculture worldwide is already negatively impacted by salinity . In coastal regions,…

Degree-day , or phenology models, are standard tools for integrated pest management in temperate regions and are used to predict the life stages of pests in order to time management activities and increase the effectiveness of control measures. Degree-day models work best for pests with a high level of synchronicity and few generations . Our…

The consequent reduction in natural areas within agricultural landscapes decreases the richness and abundance of wild pollinators, including bees, syrphid flies, and butterflies , further diminishing crop pollination . A possible solution to this “vicious cycle” is to increase pollinator abundance through single-species management, most commonly European honey bees , which are not greatly affected…

An examination of ES in real-world systems is needed because controlled experiments that typify most biodiversity-ecosystem function research do not fully represent ecological reality ; specifically, these experiments do not mimic realistic species abundance distributions or species loss scenarios. First, a skewed or ‘hollow curve’ species abundance distribution, meaning that communities are composed of few common…

Sixteen of twenty protein amino acids were separated and quantified by these methods using two separate RP-HPLC protocols . The E. coli cells were easily detectable at the concentrations examined in this study. The amino acid separations were successful using the traditional laboratory protocol developed over the last 15 years .The second gradient also showed…